Daily Online News

Learning how to name alkanes will be crucial in your understanding of organic chemistry. All organic compounds are named following a certain set of rules set out by the IUPAC. By memorizing these rules, you should be able to name all compounds. To name alkanes.... (follow these set of rules) 1.) Count the longest carbon chain If the carbon chain is: 1 carbon: named "methane" 2 carbons: named "ethane" 3 carbons: named "propane" 4 carbons: named "butane" 5 carbons: named "pentane" 6 carbons: named "hexane" 7 carbons: named "heptane" 8 carbons: named "octane" 9 carbons: named "nonane" 10 carbons: named "decane" Note that organic chemists, being lazy, will often not label hydrogens or carbons. For instance, would be hexane (each of the "points" is assumed to be a carbon) 2.) Number the carbon chain, starting with the end closest to the substituent. Always try to get the lowest numb...

All single chain hydrocarbons will combust into carbon dioxide and water completely Halogenation of an alkane. This reaction takes an unreactive molecule (methane) and makes it very reactive (chloromethane).

Two extremily common reactions in Organic Chemistry are substitution and elimination reactions. We are going to cover four basic reactions, E1, E2, SN1, and SN2. These reactions all compete with each other so be sure to pay attention to which conditions fovor each reaction. SN2 The most common is called an SN2 reaction. It is a simple nucleophilic attack of a nucleophile onto an electrophilic carbon. This attack causes and inversion of absolute configuration of the carbon center.   SN2 Nucleophilic Substitution causes inversion of configuration: (best in polar aprotic solvents, strong nucleophiles and good leaving groups.)  Going from (R) to (S) SN1 If Carbon is tertiary and nucleophile is weak then it undergoes SN1 reaction: j has same products as SN2 but is racemised and best in polar protic solvent and the reaction is 1st order, not 2nd... Remember: -racemization is when there is the absolute configuration of the carbon center is not either retaine...