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Naming cyclic alkanes First you would count the longest carbon chain. You can see that the "cyclic" ring has 8 carbons, so it's octane. Since it's a cyclic ring, you call it a "cyclo" alkane. Hence, the main part of the molecule would be called cyclooctane. The substituent is called a methyl group, so you get the name methylcyclooctane. Now, the hard part of this is figuring out numberings. You can pick ANY carbon to be "1," so we'll conveniently choose the carbon that the methyl is on as methylcyclooctane. It wouldn't matter if the methyl group was on the top right carbon, because it would still be methylcyclooctane, because you could rotate that molecule to get the one above. Now, let's try two substituents. We again know it's a cyclooctane, but the problem arises in how to number the substituents. We could name this 1-methyl-3-ethylcyclooctane, or 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclooctane. We name it 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclooctane because of the ...

... not that actually want mosquitoes to bite your friends, but I think you will agree you don't want to be bitten. Here's a list of things that attract mosquitoes. If you want to avoid an encounter with the vampiric swarm you can avoid doing any of these things yourself or you can encourage those around you to do them. Whatever works. Wear Dark Clothing Many mosquitoes use vision to locate hosts from a distance. Dark clothes and foliage are initial attractants. Exercise You give off more carbon dioxide when you are hot or have been exercising. A burning candle or other fire is another source of carbon dioxide. Eat Bananas and French Fries You release more lactic acid when you have been exercising or after eating certain foods (e.g., salty foods, high-potassium foods). Wear Perfume or Cologne In addition to perfumes, hair products, and scented sunscreens, watch for the subtle floral or fruity fragrances from fabric softeners and dryer sheets. Have Cold Hands Mosquitoes are attr...

Learning how to name alkanes will be crucial in your understanding of organic chemistry. All organic compounds are named following a certain set of rules set out by the IUPAC. By memorizing these rules, you should be able to name all compounds. To name alkanes.... (follow these set of rules) 1.) Count the longest carbon chain If the carbon chain is: 1 carbon: named "methane" 2 carbons: named "ethane" 3 carbons: named "propane" 4 carbons: named "butane" 5 carbons: named "pentane" 6 carbons: named "hexane" 7 carbons: named "heptane" 8 carbons: named "octane" 9 carbons: named "nonane" 10 carbons: named "decane" Note that organic chemists, being lazy, will often not label hydrogens or carbons. For instance, would be hexane (each of the "points" is assumed to be a carbon) 2.) Number the carbon chain, starting with the end closest to the substituent. Always try to get the lowest numb...

All single chain hydrocarbons will combust into carbon dioxide and water completely Halogenation of an alkane. This reaction takes an unreactive molecule (methane) and makes it very reactive (chloromethane).

Two extremily common reactions in Organic Chemistry are substitution and elimination reactions. We are going to cover four basic reactions, E1, E2, SN1, and SN2. These reactions all compete with each other so be sure to pay attention to which conditions fovor each reaction. SN2 The most common is called an SN2 reaction. It is a simple nucleophilic attack of a nucleophile onto an electrophilic carbon. This attack causes and inversion of absolute configuration of the carbon center.   SN2 Nucleophilic Substitution causes inversion of configuration: (best in polar aprotic solvents, strong nucleophiles and good leaving groups.)  Going from (R) to (S) SN1 If Carbon is tertiary and nucleophile is weak then it undergoes SN1 reaction: j has same products as SN2 but is racemised and best in polar protic solvent and the reaction is 1st order, not 2nd... Remember: -racemization is when there is the absolute configuration of the carbon center is not either retaine...

Get Science Fair Project Ideas It can be a challenge to come up with a science fair project idea. There is fierce competition to come up with the coolest idea, plus you need a topic that is considered appropriate for your educational level. I've arranged science fair project ideas by topic, but you might like to take a look at ideas according to education level. A well-designed project at the college level can open the door to future educational and career opportunities, so it pays to put some thought and effort into your topic. Answer a question, test a hypothesis. College students usually have a semester to complete their project, so you have some time to plan and conduct your research. The goal at this level is to find an original topic. It doesn't have to be something complicated or time-consuming. Also, appearances count. Aim for professional-quality images and presentation. Handwritten work and drawings won't work as well as a printed report or poster with photographs...

Get Science Fair Project Ideas It can be challenging to think of a good project idea. H. Berends, stock.xchng I t can be a challenge to come up with a science fair project idea. There is fierce competition to come up with the coolest idea, plus you need a topic that is considered appropriate for your educational level. I've arranged science fair project ideas by topic, but you might like to take a look at ideas according to education level. Elementary School Science Fair Project Tips Elementary school projects aren't supposed to be rocket science (though of course they could be). Look for a project that you can do over a fairly short time span, such as over a weekend. Keep in mind, judges will disqualify you if they suspect your parents did the project and not you, so though you may get help from adults, be sure the project is really yours. Resist the temptation to make a display or do a demonstration. Try to answer a question or solve a problem. Can you predict what things wil...